visualkeras: custom vgg16 example#
An example showing the visualkeras
function
used by a tf.keras.Model
model.
9 # Authors: The scikit-plots developers
10 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
pip install protobuf==5.29.4
14 import tensorflow as tf
15
16 # Clear any session to reset the state of TensorFlow/Keras
17 tf.keras.backend.clear_session()
18
19 from scikitplot import visualkeras
create VGG16
23 image_size = 224
24 model = tf.keras.models.Sequential()
25 model.add(tf.keras.layers.InputLayer(shape=(image_size, image_size, 3)))
26
27 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
28 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
29 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
30 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
31 model.add(visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer())
32
33 model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2), strides=(2, 2)))
34 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
35 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(128, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
36 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
37 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(128, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
38 model.add(visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer())
39
40 model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2), strides=(2, 2)))
41 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
42 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(256, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
43 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
44 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(256, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
45 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
46 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(256, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
47 model.add(visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer())
48
49 model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2), strides=(2, 2)))
50 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
51 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
52 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
53 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
54 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
55 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
56 model.add(visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer())
57
58 model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2), strides=(2, 2)))
59 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
60 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
61 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
62 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
63 model.add(tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D((1, 1)))
64 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(512, activation="relu", kernel_size=(3, 3)))
65 model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D())
66 model.add(visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer())
67
68 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Flatten())
69
70 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(4096, activation="relu"))
71 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5))
72 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(4096, activation="relu"))
73 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5))
74 model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(1000, activation="softmax"))
75 # model.summary()
Now visualize the model!
79 from collections import defaultdict
80
81 color_map = defaultdict(dict)
82 color_map[tf.keras.layers.Conv2D]["fill"] = "orange"
83 color_map[tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D]["fill"] = "gray"
84 color_map[tf.keras.layers.Dropout]["fill"] = "pink"
85 color_map[tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D]["fill"] = "red"
86 color_map[tf.keras.layers.Dense]["fill"] = "green"
87 color_map[tf.keras.layers.Flatten]["fill"] = "teal"
90 from PIL import ImageFont
91
92 ImageFont.load_default()
<PIL.ImageFont.FreeTypeFont object at 0x7fa0fce3df10>
95 img_vgg16 = visualkeras.layered_view(
96 model,
97 type_ignore=[visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer],
98 # to_file="result_images/vgg16.png",
99 save_fig=True,
100 save_fig_filename="vgg16.png",
101 )

2025-06-27 09:09:38.272478: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:38.272566: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:38.272703: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
104 img_vgg16_legend = visualkeras.layered_view(
105 model,
106 type_ignore=[visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer],
107 legend=True,
108 font={
109 "font_size": 61,
110 # 'use_default_font': False,
111 # 'font_path': '/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf'
112 },
113 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_legend.png",
114 save_fig=True,
115 save_fig_filename="vgg16_legend.png",
116 )
117 img_vgg16_legend

2025-06-27 09:09:40.139401: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:40.139492: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:40.139642: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0fd7d7090>
120 img_vgg16_spacing_layers = visualkeras.layered_view(
121 model,
122 type_ignore=[],
123 spacing=0,
124 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_spacing_layers.png",
125 save_fig=True,
126 save_fig_filename="vgg16_spacing_layers.png",
127 )
128 img_vgg16_spacing_layers

2025-06-27 09:09:41.512911: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:41.513032: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:41.513251: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0dc3e0850>
131 img_vgg16_type_ignore = visualkeras.layered_view(
132 model,
133 type_ignore=[
134 tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding2D,
135 tf.keras.layers.Dropout,
136 tf.keras.layers.Flatten,
137 visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer,
138 ],
139 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_type_ignore.png",
140 save_fig=True,
141 save_fig_filename="vgg16_type_ignore.png",
142 )
143 img_vgg16_type_ignore

2025-06-27 09:09:42.325409: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:42.325481: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:42.325616: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0dc24bf90>
146 img_vgg16_color_map = visualkeras.layered_view(
147 model,
148 type_ignore=[visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer],
149 color_map=color_map,
150 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_color_map.png",
151 save_fig=True,
152 save_fig_filename="vgg16_color_map.png",
153 )
154 img_vgg16_color_map

2025-06-27 09:09:42.903709: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:42.903778: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:42.903900: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0dc2c54d0>
157 img_vgg16_flat = visualkeras.layered_view(
158 model,
159 type_ignore=[visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer],
160 draw_volume=False,
161 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_flat.png",
162 save_fig=True,
163 save_fig_filename="vgg16_flat.png",
164 )
165 img_vgg16_flat

2025-06-27 09:09:43.855191: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:43.855268: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:43.855421: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0dc135e10>
168 img_vgg16_scaling = visualkeras.layered_view(
169 model,
170 type_ignore=[visualkeras.SpacingDummyLayer],
171 # legend=True,
172 min_z=1,
173 min_xy=1,
174 max_z=4096,
175 max_xy=4096,
176 scale_z=0.5,
177 scale_xy=11,
178 # font={'font_size': 99},
179 # to_file="result_images/vgg16_scaling.png",
180 save_fig=True,
181 save_fig_filename="vgg16_scaling.png",
182 )
183 img_vgg16_scaling

2025-06-27 09:09:44.498309: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:203:load_font] Error loading system font: cannot open resource
2025-06-27 09:09:44.498406: W scikitplot 140331090086784 utils_pil.py:205:load_font] Falling back to PIL default font.
2025-06-27 09:09:44.498538: W scikitplot 140331090086784 layered.py:203:layered_view] The legend_text_spacing_offset parameter is deprecated andwill be removed in a future release.
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x7fa0f4185310>
Total running time of the script: (0 minutes 20.875 seconds)
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